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To my regret arm64 cups filter from 1.00.39hp driver release does not work with Xerox_Phaser_3260:

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root@dietvm:/tmp/uld# ./install-printer.sh
**** Running install ...
**** Press 'Enter' to continue or 'q' and then 'Enter' to quit. :
...

**** Do you agree ? [y/n] : y
**** Are you going to use network devices ? If yes, it is recommended to configure your firewall.
**** If you want to configure firewall automatically, enter 'y' or just press 'Enter'. To skip, enter 'n'. : n
**** Registering CUPS backend ...
**** CUPS restart OK.
**** Print driver has been installed successfully.
**** Install finished.

But:

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==> /var/log/cups/access_log <==
192.168.1.3 - - [12/May/2024:14:19:06 +0200] "POST /printers/Xerox_Phaser_3260 HTTP/1.1" 200 491 Validate-Job successful-ok
192.168.1.3 - - [12/May/2024:14:19:06 +0200] "POST /printers/Xerox_Phaser_3260 HTTP/1.1" 200 1732960 Print-Job successful-ok

==> /var/log/cups/error_log <==
E [12/May/2024:14:19:08 +0200] [Job 1] Unable to open raster stream - : Broken pipe

In the list of active CUPS jobs waiting for processing I observe this state:

processing since Sun May 12 14:19:07 2024 "Filter failed"

For me amd64 userland QEMU emulation remains the only working solution.

Thank you @ellepdesk for amazing solution of problem and @dan for sharing step-by-step guide.
I can say, for those people, for whom splix driver is not going to work (like for me), this guide might become a magic pill. I have Xerox Phaser 3260 printer, and for 2-sided printing support I had to use rastertospl cupsFilter, that splix does not provide at least in arm64 debian package. Likely there is a possibility to tweak Xerox/Samsung PPD file and use pstoqpdl/rastertoqpdl filters shipped with splix, but I don't understand this stuff, so I had to use PPD imposed SPL driver.

What I can add to the previous comment of @dan is only a suggestion to include all arch labels for each distribution into a single line under sources.list - thus you can avoid APT warnings about duplicated sources. Like this (example):

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deb [arch=arm64,amd64] https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb [arch=arm64,amd64] https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb [arch=arm64,amd64] https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb [arch=arm64,amd64] https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb [arch=amd64] https://www.bchemnet.com/suldr/ debian extra

But that's it. Everything else just works!